Modelo de Realidad Aumentada para Aprendizaje de Niños en Edad Escolar

Autores/as

Raúl Marcelo Lozada Yánez
Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Facultad de Informática y Electrónica, Carrera de Ingeniería en Tecnologías de la Información. Riobamba. Ecuador.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9245-0858
Jonny Israel Guaiña Yungán
Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Facultad de Informática y Electrónica, Carrera de Ingeniería en Tecnologías de la Información. Riobamba. Ecuador.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0456-7429
Jaime David Camacho Castillo
Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Facultad de Informática y Electrónica, Carrera de Software. Riobamba. Ecuador.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9110-6585
Juan Carlos Santillán Lima
Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Facultad de Informática y Electrónica, Carrera de Ingeniería en Tecnologías de la Información. Riobamba. Ecuador.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5812-7766

Sinopsis

El presente trabajo de investigación se desarrolla en el contexto de la Realidad Aumentada (RA) e interacción gestual en el ámbito educativo, donde se observa una latente falta de investigaciones que orienten el adecuado diseño y desarrollo de este tipo de herramientas tecnológicas educativas para facilitar los procesos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes utilizando estos recursos. Por consiguiente, en esta investigación se ha desarrollado el modelo de Realidad Aumentada denominado “Model for Augmented Reality Applications with Gestural Interface for Children (MARAGIC)”, que considera las características cognitivas de niños en edad escolar, su validación y aplicación en el diseño y desarrollo de dos Recursos Educativos Digitales (RED) que se emplean como herramientas de apoyo en dos casos de estudio donde participan estudiantes que asisten al 3° grado de Educación General Básica (EGB) en la ciudad de Riobamba – Ecuador. El trabajo pretende ser un aporte que oriente el adecuado diseño y desarrollo de este tipo de herramientas tecnológicas educativas. Como método de estudio se utiliza un enfoque de investigación cualitativa en el que la recolección de datos se realiza mediante la aplicación de una encuesta con elementos de referencia a la percepción tanto a los niños participantes del estudio como a un grupo de docentes de nivel medio y superior frente a la utilización de los recursos basados en MARAGIC. Se realiza además un análisis cuantitativo que permite comparar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes antes y después de usar dichos recursos para los dos casos de estudio ejecutados. Los resultados señalan que los docentes encuestados perciben al modelo desarrollado como una oportunidad para mejorar los procesos de aprendizaje y que, la utilización de los recursos educativos desarrollados siguiendo las orientaciones del modelo MARAGIC mejora significativamente el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes participantes del estudio en sus clases de matemática. La aplicación de este tipo de recurso facilita los procesos de aprendizaje de los niños, mismos que se muestran motivados y participan activamente en las actividades propuestas en los recursos educativos diseñados a partir del modelo.

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