Septic arthritisis
Synopsis
Septic arthritisis considered a medical emergency characterizedby the colonization of bacteria in the joint space, resulting inintense inflammatory reactions that can lead to the total destructionof the articular cartilage and even the subchondral bone if not diagnosed andtreated in a timely manner. Its etiology is almost entirely bacterial in origin, with Staphylococcus aureus being the most common agent in adults andKingella kingae in the pediatric population. The incidence of this pathology ranges from 2to 12 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, increasing in the elderly,immunocompromised individuals, and joint prosthesis carriers.The cornerstone of diagnosis is arthrocentesis and microbiological analysis in the laboratory of the synovial fluid taken, supported by inflammatory biomarkers and imaging studies. The fundamental pillarfor diagnosis is arthrocentesis and microbiological analysis inthe laboratory of the synovial fluid taken, supported by inflammatory biomarkersand imaging studies. Treatment is based on the applicationof antibiotic therapy according to culture, joint drainage, and early rehabilitation. Recent studies reinforce the usefulness of molecular techniques(PCR and 16S rRNA) to improve the detection of pathogens that are difficultto culture. The prognosis depends on timely diagnosis and treatment. Adespite diagnostic and therapeutic advances, septic arthritis remainsa significant clinical challenge that requires ongoing research intodiagnostic and antimicrobial strategies.
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Pages
15-28
Published
April 21, 2026
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Copyright (c) 2026 Karla Domenica Morales Saquicela, Kevin Salvador Arévalo Goyes, Jorge Roberto Rodas Andrade, Eduardo Andrés Rojas Portéz, Marcos Andrés Calva Torres, Catalina María Hurtado, Samantha Nayeli Minchala García, Noemi Noelia Palacios Caicedo, Camila Valentina Cuesta Buestan, Juan Sebastián Urgilés Beltrán, Ibelice Salome Dután Perez, Diego Martin Reyes Novillo, María Alejandra Mantilla Vicuña, Diana Yamileth González Ortiz, Pablo Segundo Salinas Vázquez, Kevin Ismael Rojas Rojas, Dayana Mishelle Orozco Azuero, Jessica Ximena Humala Rojas, Viviana Elizabeth González Merchán, Niurka Salomé Rojas Avendaño, Andrea Rosana Mogrovejo Avila, Ainhoa Alejandra Guaraca Ortega, Wendy Valentina Mendoza Cajamarca, Dayana Estefania Sacta Rivera, Mercy Daniela Cabrera Vivar, Anabella Inés Zambrano Párrraga, Enma Jacqueline Zambrano Párraga, Anderson Israel Tenezaca Reinoso, Gladys Janneth Peñafiel Ponce, Jordan Smith Colcha González, Luis Alberto Saquicela Espinoza, Gabriela Abigail Campoverde Sigüenza, Evelyn Nathaly Morocho Bustamante, Jacinto Eugenio Pérez Ramírez, Pamela Lissette Pinargote Santana, Jonnathan Paúl Pesántez León, Wilson Javier Mendoza Saeteros, Bryan Antonio Ramón Cáceres, Ivette Denisse Quinteros Sánchez, Susan Karina Ortega Castillo, Juan Francisco Urgiles Rojas, Edith Anahel Morejón Flores, Gustavo Adolfo Espinoza Palomeque, Ana Paulina Inga Macancela, Britney Shamira Macias Zambrano, Nelly Marielena Larrea Semiterra, Omar Segundo Arévalo Goyes, Milagros Valeria González Parra, Juan Manuel González Cárdenas, Esteban Leonardo Coronel Coello, Kerly Monserrath Pinos Larrea, Juan Sebastián Crespo Domínguez, Camila Raquel González González, Larisa Araceli Hurtado Flores, María José Quevedo, Angie Patricia Mogrovejo Coronel, Luis Holguer Idrovo Becerra, Jennifer Mariuxi Álvarez Avendaño; Juan Carlos Santillán Lima
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How to Cite
Septic arthritisis. (2026). In INFECTOLOGÍA CLÍNICA TOMO 3 (pp. 15-28). Puerto Madero Editorial Académica. https://doi.org/10.55204/pmea.128.c188
