ENFERMEDAD INFLAMATORIA PÉLVICA
Synopsis
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a disorder of the female upper genital tract characterized by inflammation and infection of the pelvic organs, with significant implications for reproductive health. This literature review, conducted under PRISMA guidelines, analyzed studies published between 2020 and 2025 regarding the etiology, diagnosis, and management of PID in women of reproductive age. The findings confirm a shift in the etiological paradigm: although historically attributed to Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, PID is now recognized as a polymicrobial condition, with a significant role played by microorganisms associated with bacterial vaginosis (Atopobium vaginae, Sneathia spp., Megasphaera spp.) and emerging pathogens such as Mycoplasma genitalium. The latter increases the risk of developing PID by up to 67% and shows growing resistance to conventional antibiotics. Clinically, most patients are young, sexually active women presenting with pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and menstrual irregularities; however, the nonspecific nature of symptoms often hinders timely diagnosis. There is a clear need for accessible molecular testing, therapeutic regimens that include coverage for anaerobes and emerging microorganisms, and preventive strategies emphasizing sexual education and screening. Current evidence highlights PID as a complex, multifactorial, and persistent syndrome requiring continuous updates in clinical and therapeutic approaches to reduce complications such as infertility and chronic pelvic pain.
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Volume
Pages
95-104
Published
April 21, 2026
Categories
Copyright (c) 2026 Karla Domenica Morales Saquicela, Kevin Salvador Arévalo Goyes, Jorge Roberto Rodas Andrade, Eduardo Andrés Rojas Portéz, Marcos Andrés Calva Torres, Catalina María Hurtado, Samantha Nayeli Minchala García, Noemi Noelia Palacios Caicedo, Camila Valentina Cuesta Buestan, Juan Sebastián Urgilés Beltrán, Ibelice Salome Dután Perez, Diego Martin Reyes Novillo, María Alejandra Mantilla Vicuña, Diana Yamileth González Ortiz, Pablo Segundo Salinas Vázquez, Kevin Ismael Rojas Rojas, Dayana Mishelle Orozco Azuero, Jessica Ximena Humala Rojas, Viviana Elizabeth González Merchán, Niurka Salomé Rojas Avendaño, Andrea Rosana Mogrovejo Avila, Ainhoa Alejandra Guaraca Ortega, Wendy Valentina Mendoza Cajamarca, Dayana Estefania Sacta Rivera, Mercy Daniela Cabrera Vivar, Anabella Inés Zambrano Párrraga, Enma Jacqueline Zambrano Párraga, Anderson Israel Tenezaca Reinoso, Gladys Janneth Peñafiel Ponce, Jordan Smith Colcha González, Luis Alberto Saquicela Espinoza, Gabriela Abigail Campoverde Sigüenza, Evelyn Nathaly Morocho Bustamante, Jacinto Eugenio Pérez Ramírez, Pamela Lissette Pinargote Santana, Jonnathan Paúl Pesántez León, Wilson Javier Mendoza Saeteros, Bryan Antonio Ramón Cáceres, Ivette Denisse Quinteros Sánchez, Susan Karina Ortega Castillo, Juan Francisco Urgiles Rojas, Edith Anahel Morejón Flores, Gustavo Adolfo Espinoza Palomeque, Ana Paulina Inga Macancela, Britney Shamira Macias Zambrano, Nelly Marielena Larrea Semiterra, Omar Segundo Arévalo Goyes, Milagros Valeria González Parra, Juan Manuel González Cárdenas, Esteban Leonardo Coronel Coello, Kerly Monserrath Pinos Larrea, Juan Sebastián Crespo Domínguez, Camila Raquel González González, Larisa Araceli Hurtado Flores, María José Quevedo, Angie Patricia Mogrovejo Coronel, Luis Holguer Idrovo Becerra, Jennifer Mariuxi Álvarez Avendaño; Juan Carlos Santillán Lima
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
ENFERMEDAD INFLAMATORIA PÉLVICA. (2026). In INFECTOLOGÍA CLÍNICA TOMO 3 (pp. 95-104). Puerto Madero Editorial Académica. https://doi.org/10.55204/pmea.128.c194
