ACTUALIZACIÓN DEL DIAGNÓSTICO DE TUBERCULOSIS PULMONAR
Synopsis
Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) affects a quarter of the population even with rapid and accurate methods, as diagnosis continues to depend on clinical criteria. Failure to identify the disease early and limited access to diagnostic tools contribute to the spread of the disease and drug-resistant strains. Medical history, physical examination, imaging studies, microbiological studies, and molecular and immunological tests are essential for timely diagnosis and treatment. Objective: To review relevant diagnostic tools for the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis with clinical utility. Methodology: Literature review of articles from the last 5 years in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and official organizations. Twenty-three articles were selected to describe the diagnosis of PTB. Results: Recognizing symptoms suggestive of TB is essential for diagnosis. Chest X-rays are the most accessible test, although computed tomography has greater sensitivity. In microbiology, culture is necessary for diagnosis, but its delay encourages the use of molecular tests (NAAT) for rapid detection and analysis of drug resistance. IGRA tests are useful in latent infections. Conclusions: Diagnosing TB requires experience and knowledge on the part of the physician, but molecular tests offer rapid detection, even of resistance, although they do not replace culture. It is therefore necessary to implement tests according to clinical suspicion to improve diagnosis and early treatment.
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189-202
Published
April 21, 2026
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Copyright (c) 2026 Karla Domenica Morales Saquicela, Kevin Salvador Arévalo Goyes, Jorge Roberto Rodas Andrade, Eduardo Andrés Rojas Portéz, Marcos Andrés Calva Torres, Catalina María Hurtado, Samantha Nayeli Minchala García, Noemi Noelia Palacios Caicedo, Camila Valentina Cuesta Buestan, Juan Sebastián Urgilés Beltrán, Ibelice Salome Dután Perez, Diego Martin Reyes Novillo, María Alejandra Mantilla Vicuña, Diana Yamileth González Ortiz, Pablo Segundo Salinas Vázquez, Kevin Ismael Rojas Rojas, Dayana Mishelle Orozco Azuero, Jessica Ximena Humala Rojas, Viviana Elizabeth González Merchán, Niurka Salomé Rojas Avendaño, Andrea Rosana Mogrovejo Avila, Ainhoa Alejandra Guaraca Ortega, Wendy Valentina Mendoza Cajamarca, Dayana Estefania Sacta Rivera, Mercy Daniela Cabrera Vivar, Anabella Inés Zambrano Párrraga, Enma Jacqueline Zambrano Párraga, Anderson Israel Tenezaca Reinoso, Gladys Janneth Peñafiel Ponce, Jordan Smith Colcha González, Luis Alberto Saquicela Espinoza, Gabriela Abigail Campoverde Sigüenza, Evelyn Nathaly Morocho Bustamante, Jacinto Eugenio Pérez Ramírez, Pamela Lissette Pinargote Santana, Jonnathan Paúl Pesántez León, Wilson Javier Mendoza Saeteros, Bryan Antonio Ramón Cáceres, Ivette Denisse Quinteros Sánchez, Susan Karina Ortega Castillo, Juan Francisco Urgiles Rojas, Edith Anahel Morejón Flores, Gustavo Adolfo Espinoza Palomeque, Ana Paulina Inga Macancela, Britney Shamira Macias Zambrano, Nelly Marielena Larrea Semiterra, Omar Segundo Arévalo Goyes, Milagros Valeria González Parra, Juan Manuel González Cárdenas, Esteban Leonardo Coronel Coello, Kerly Monserrath Pinos Larrea, Juan Sebastián Crespo Domínguez, Camila Raquel González González, Larisa Araceli Hurtado Flores, María José Quevedo, Angie Patricia Mogrovejo Coronel, Luis Holguer Idrovo Becerra, Jennifer Mariuxi Álvarez Avendaño; Juan Carlos Santillán Lima
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How to Cite
ACTUALIZACIÓN DEL DIAGNÓSTICO DE TUBERCULOSIS PULMONAR. (2026). In INFECTOLOGÍA CLÍNICA TOMO 3 (pp. 189-202). Puerto Madero Editorial Académica. https://doi.org/10.55204/pmea.128.c202
