Esophagic attressia. Clinical case

Congenital conditions of the newborn still have a high incidence in the area of pediatric surgery. However, the prognosis of this group of diseases has increasingly encouraging results.

Esophageal atresia is a congenital condition characterized by the absence of lumen in the esophagus.; it may or may not be accompanied by a fistula to the tracheobronchial tree. It is the most frequent cause of neonatal surgery and occurs in 1 in every 3000-4500 live newborns (NB). Usually, 50% of neonates with esophageal atresia have other congenital malformations such as cardiac and genitourinary anomalies. Patients with this condition present at birth with respiratory distress, symptoms and signs of asphyxia, as well as abundant saliva due to the impossibility of swallowing.

At present, worldwide survival is 90% or higher in some regions. These advances are attributed to several factors such as the creation of specialized neonatal surgery centers, regionalization of care, neonatal intensive care units, introduction and application of novel minimal access surgical techniques, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and the professional experience of specialists dedicated to neonatal surgery.